Painting & Drawing Preservatives
ID | Name of Preservative | Description | Ingestion Haz | Inhalation Haz | Skin Contact Haz | Other Hazards |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Beta-Naphthol | 2-naphthol | High | Moderate | Moderate | Skin irritant; ingestion causes abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and sometimes convulsions; may damage liver and kidneys and cause hemolytic anemia; similar to but less toxic than phenol |
2 | Bleach | Household chlorine bleach, 5% sodium hypochlorite | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Skin irritant, particularly from repeated contact; releases highly toxic chlorine gas in acid, or when heated; forms poisonous gas when mixed with ammonia |
3 | Boric Acid | Moderate to high | Moderate | Slight | Powder; absorption through burned skin, ingestion, or inhalation can cause nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, violent vomiting, and skin rash; chronic poisoning may cause loss of appetite, gastroenteritis, liver or kidney damage, and skin rash | |
4 | Borax | Sodium tetraborate | Moderate to high | Moderate | Slight | Powder; absorption through burned skin, ingestion, or inhalation can cause nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, violent vomiting, and skin rash; chronic poisoning may cause loss of appetite, gastroenteritis, liver or kidney damage, and skin rash |
5 | Chromated Copper Arsenate | CCA | Extreme | Extreme | High | Known carcinogen; irritation/allergies, skin thickening, loss of pigmentation, ulceration, respiratory irritation, skin/lung/liver cancer, digestive disturbances, liver/nervous system/kidney/blood damage; acute ingestion may be fatal; DO NOT USE |
6 | Ethyl Parabens | Ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate | No significant hazards | No significant hazards | No significant hazards | Occasional allergic reactions |
7 | Formalin | 30-37% formaldehyde, 0-15% methyl alcohol | Moderate to high | Extreme | Moderate | Probable carcinogen; strong irritant to skin, eyes, nose, respiratory system; causes allergic reactions by skin contact & inhalation, including asthma; pure formaldehyde is highly toxic by ingestion; DO NOT USE |
8 | Magnesium Silicofluoride | Magnesium fluosilicate | High | Moderate | Moderate | Acute poisoning usually results from ingestion; skin, eye, respiratory irritant, including possible skin ulceration similar to but less toxic than sodium fluoride |
9 | Mercuric Chloride | Extreme | High | Moderate | Most toxic mercury compound; corrosive; may cause mercury poisoning, affecting nervous & gastrointestinal systems/kidneys; acute poison. causes metallic taste/salivation/swelling of gums/vomiting/bloody diarrhea; chronic poison. affects nervous system | |
10 | Methyl parabens | Methyl para-hydroxybenzoate | No significant hazards | No significant hazards | No significant hazards | Occasional allergic reactions |
11 | Oil of Cloves | Eugenol | Moderate | Not significant | Slight | Mild irritant and local anesthetic; ingestion may cause gastroenteritis and vomiting |
12 | Pentachlorophenol | High | High | High | Probable carcinogen; skin contact may cause chloroacne; ingestion affects respiratory/central nervous systems; chronic exposure can cause liver/kidney damage; more toxic than phenol; It and its salt (pentachlorophenate) are banned for sale; DO NOT USE | |
13 | Phenol | Carbolic acid | High | High | High | Pure phenol can be absorbed through the skin or stomach and cause death; very corrosive to skin; damages the central nervous system, kidneys, liver; DO NOT USE |
14 | Phenyl Mercuric Acetate | High | High | Moderate | Less corrosive, less toxic, and less quickly absorbed than mercuric chloride; symptoms are similar to mercuric chloride poisoning | |
15 | Phenyl Mercuric Chloride | High | High | Moderate | Less corrosive, less toxic, and less quickly absorbed than mercuric chloride; symptoms are similar to mercuric chloride poisoning | |
16 | Propyl Parabens | Propyl para-hydroxybenzoate | No significant hazards | No significant hazards | No significant hazards | Occasional allergic reactions |
17 | Sodium Benzoate | Moderate | Not significant | Not significant | Ingestion may cause nausea and vomiting | |
18 | Sodium Fluoride | High | High | Moderate | Skin & respiratory irritant & cell poison; ingestion of 1 gram can be fatal; symptoms of poisoning include salty/soapy taste, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, muscular weakness, tremors, central nervous system depression, & shock; DO NOT USE | |
19 | Sodium Ortho-Phenyl Phenate | Moderate | High | Moderate | Probable carcinogen; skin irritant in more than 0.5% aqueous solution; dust may irritate eyes, nose, and throat | |
20 | Sodium 2,4,5-Trichlorophenate | Moderate | High | Moderate | Probable carcinogen; skin and eye irritant; chronic effects unknown; contains trace amounts of chemicals that may cause cancer and birth defects; DO NOT USE | |
21 | Thymol | High | Moderate | Slight | Mild skin irritant; ingestion causes gastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and occasionally convulsions and coma | |
22 | Zinc Chloride | High | High | Moderate | Irritating to skin, eyes, respiratory system, & gastrointestinal system, since it produces hydrochloric acid in contact with water; can cause skin ulcers; ingestion of a few grams has been fatal; symptoms include violent vomiting and purging | |
23 | Zinc Naphthenate | Slight | Slight | Slight | Low-toxicity wood preservative |