Poetry

A list of questions follows that should help you evaluate poetry.  Because each poem is different, no list can be complete, and you will need to supplement this list with other questions.  Moreover, many great poems defy simple explanation. A poem may break many norms and yet remain a compelling and coherent expression.

Economy

1. Are there any repeated expressions or words? Is this repetition necessary or effective?
2. If the poem has a refrain, is the refrain well integrated, or is it mechanical?
3. Is any line padded to keep the rhythm regular?

Coherence and Consistency

1. Are all the ideas and attitudes consistent? If they are paradoxical, do they reflect a more subtle philosophical or psychological position? Are any inconsistencies part of the poetic development?
2. Are any expressions vague? Can the vagueness be justified by the context of the poem?
3. Are the images comprehensible? Is any oddness the result of dreamlike concentration, or is it the result of thoughtfulness?
4. If the poem seems nonsensical, is it the case that it is not supposed to be comprehensible in a traditional way?

Naturalness

1. Is the order of the language unnatural? Where is it unnatural, has the language been altered for expressive purposes?
2. Are the rhymes forced?
3. Is the diction natural? Where the word choice seems odd, is there a special reason?
4. Can the poem be easily read? Do the sounds fit the subject?
5. Do the rhythms seem appropriate to the subject and the mood? Are they boring or mechanical?

Tone

1. Does the tone seem appropriate to the poem’s subject and the speaker’s attitude?
2. Is the poem sentimental?
3. Is the poem unfeeling?
4. Does the tone vary naturally, or is it mechanical and constant?

Completeness

1. Has the poet provided all the details necessary for the reader’s full emotional and intellectual response? If not is there a good reason?
2. Does the poem conclude or does it merely end?
3. Has the poet satisfied your expectations? If not, has the poet made an acceptable substitute?